The Northern Range consists mainly of sedimentary rocks - schists and limestones; portions at the eastern end of the range are of volcanic origin. The hills are mostly forested although deforestation and the formation of fire-savannahs is one of the major environmental concerns in Trinidad.The Northern Range runs from the Chaguaramas Peninsula in the west to Toco in the east.
The eastern Northern Range areas east of Arima remain most heavily forested. Portions west of Arima especially the southern slopes and valleys have been extensively deforested since they lie immediately north of the most heavily populated parts of the island.
At the western end of the Northern Range the capital city Port of Spain climbs into the hills and the valleys are settled and largely deforested. The Arima Valley remains as the westernmost valley that is still primarily forested in a large part due to the presence of the Asa Wright Nature Centre in this valley. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Range